1792

Events in 1792 14

• 1723 – 1792 Joshua Reynolds Portrait Painting · England Joshua Reynolds (July 16, 1723 – February 23, 1792) was the most influential English painter of the 18th century and first President of the Royal Academy. He elevated portrait painting to the status of history painting.
• 1746 – 1792 Gustav III The Theatre King An enlightened despot who patronized the arts and was assassinated during a masked ball.
• 1792 Anckarström's Regicide The Masked Ball Assassination Jacob Johan Anckarström shot Gustav III at a masquerade ball, an event that inspired Verdis opera.
• 1792 – 1860 Anne Isabella, Lady Byron (1792-1860) Died 16 May 1860, aged 67 Anne Isabella Noel Byron, Lady Byron, was the estranged wife of the poet Lord Byron and a mathematician he nicknamed the 'Princess of Parallelograms'. After their separation she became a noted philanthropist and campaigner for education and the abolition of slavery. She died in London on 16 May 1860.
• 1792 – 1842 Francisco Morazán (1792-1842) Died 15 September 1842, aged 49 Honduran general Francisco Morazán was president of the Federal Republic of Central America and fought to keep the union together. He was overthrown and shot by firing squad in San José, Costa Rica. He is revered as a hero of Central American unity.
• 1792 – 1848 Frederick Marryat (1792-1848) Died 9 August 1848, aged 56 British Royal Navy officer and novelist, an early writer of sea stories. His books include Mr Midshipman Easy and The Children of the New Forest. He also devised a widely used system of maritime signal flags.
• 1792 – 1843 Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis (1792-1843) Died 19 September 1843, aged 51 Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis was a French mathematician and engineer who described the inertial force on bodies moving in a rotating frame of reference. The Coriolis effect, which is central to meteorology and oceanography, is named after him.
• 1792 – 1878 George Cruikshank (1792-1878) Died 1 February 1878, aged 85 An English caricaturist and illustrator best known for illustrating Charles Dickens's "Oliver Twist" and for satirical political cartoons. He later became a committed advocate of the temperance movement. His work influenced generations of British illustrators.
• 1792 – 1868 Gioachino Rossini (1792-1868) Died 13 November 1868, aged 76 Rossini was an Italian composer renowned for operas including The Barber of Seville and William Tell. He retired from opera composition in his thirties but remained a celebrated figure in Parisian musical society. He died at his villa in Passy near Paris.
• 1792 – 1871 John Herschel (1792-1871) Died 11 May 1871, aged 79 Herschel was an English astronomer, mathematician, and chemist who catalogued nebulae and star clusters in both hemispheres, extending the work of his father William Herschel. He also made pioneering contributions to photography, coining the terms photography, positive, and negative. He was one of the most celebrated scientists of his generation.
• 1792 – 1866 John Keble (1792-1866) Died 29 March 1866, aged 73 English clergyman and poet whose 1833 sermon "National Apostasy" helped launch the Oxford Movement within the Church of England. His hymn collection The Christian Year was one of the most widely read religious books of the nineteenth century.
• 1792 – 1856 Nikolai Lobachevsky (1792-1856) Died 24 February 1856, aged 63 Lobachevsky, a Russian mathematician, died in Kazan after developing non-Euclidean geometry independently of Janos Bolyai. His work challenged Euclid's parallel postulate and laid groundwork for later developments in mathematics and physics. He spent much of his career as rector of Kazan University.
• 1792 – 1878 Pope Pius IX (1792-1878) Died 7 February 1878, aged 85 Born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, he served as pope from 1846 until his death, the longest reign in papal history. He convened the First Vatican Council, which proclaimed papal infallibility, and lost the Papal States to the newly unified Kingdom of Italy in 1870. He spent his final years as the self-declared "prisoner of the Vatican."
• 1792 – 1868 Thaddeus Stevens (1792-1868) Died 11 August 1868, aged 76 Stevens was a US Congressman from Pennsylvania and a leading Radical Republican who championed abolition and Reconstruction. He led the impeachment prosecution against President Andrew Johnson earlier that year. He was buried in a racially integrated cemetery by his own request.