Stadiums of the World· built byUuser-e8a0f3

Stadiums of the World 299

• 1853 Melbourne Cricket Ground opens Melbourne, Australia The oldest and largest stadium in the southern hemisphere, holding 100,024. It has hosted an Olympic Games, two Commonwealth Games, a Cricket World Cup final and the first ever Test match, and stages the AFL Grand Final every year.
• 1864 Eden Gardens opens Kolkata, India The oldest cricket ground in India and one of the oldest in the world, holding 68,000. Its crowd noise is regarded as the most intense in cricket.
• 1871 Adelaide Oval opens Adelaide, Australia A cricket ground redeveloped between 2011 and 2014 into a 53,500-seat stadium while keeping its heritage scoreboard and the grass hill at one end.
• 1884 Anfield opens Liverpool, England Built for Everton, who left after a rent dispute in 1892 and handed the ground to the newly founded Liverpool FC. The Kop, added in 1906 and named after a Boer War hill, became the template for the British terrace. Expansions in 2016 and 2023 pushed capacity past 61,000.
• 1884 Croke Park opens Dublin, Ireland Headquarters of the Gaelic Athletic Association and now the largest stadium in Ireland at 82,300. Site of the original Bloody Sunday in 1920, when British forces opened fire on a crowd during a Gaelic football match.
• 1892 Celtic Park opens Glasgow, Scotland The largest club ground in Scotland at 60,411. Known as Parkhead or the Paradise, it was rebuilt as an all-seater bowl through the 1990s.
• 1892 St James' Park opens Newcastle, England Newcastle United's ground, wedged into the city centre. The asymmetric cantilever stands added in 2000 give it one of the most recognisable silhouettes in English football. Capacity 52,305.
• 1899 Ibrox Stadium opens Glasgow, Scotland Home of Rangers FC. Scene of two disasters, in 1902 and 1971, the second killing 66 people on Stairway 13 and driving the reform of British stadium safety law. Capacity 50,817.
• 1900 Eden Park opens Auckland, New Zealand New Zealand's largest stadium at 50,000 and the home of the All Blacks, who have not lost a Test here since 1994. It hosted the 1987 and 2011 Rugby World Cup finals.
• 1903 Hampden Park opens Glasgow, Scotland Scotland's national stadium and once the largest in the world, with a recorded 149,415 packed in for a match against England in 1937. Now an all-seater ground of 51,866.
• 1906 Loftus Versfeld Stadium opens Pretoria, South Africa One of the oldest sports grounds in South Africa, capacity 51,762.
• 1909 Twickenham Stadium opens London, England The home of English rugby union and the largest dedicated rugby stadium in the world at 82,000. Built on a former market garden, which earned it the nickname the Cabbage Patch.
• 1910 Old Trafford opens Manchester, England Manchester United's ground and the largest club stadium in England at 74,310. Bombed in 1941 and rebuilt over a decade; nicknamed the Theatre of Dreams by Bobby Charlton.
• 1911 Polo Grounds opens New York, New York The horseshoe-shaped Manhattan ground of the New York Giants, with an absurdly deep centre field and short foul lines. Site of Bobby Thomson's Shot Heard Round the World in 1951. Capacity 55,000.
• 1914 Suncorp Stadium opens Brisbane, Australia Lang Park, built over a cemetery and rebuilt in 2003 as a steep rectangular ground of 52,500 that sits within walking distance of the city centre.
• 1914 Yale Bowl opens New Haven, Connecticut The first great bowl-shaped stadium in the world, a 61,446-seat earthen dish sunk into the ground. Its form was copied by the Rose Bowl, the Los Angeles Coliseum and dozens of others.
• 1915 Vaught–Hemingway Stadium opens Oxford, Mississippi Ole Miss's ground, expanded piecemeal across a century to 64,038 seats.
• 1916 MA Chidambaram Stadium opens Chennai, India Chepauk, one of India's oldest cricket grounds, capacity 50,000. Known for a crowd that once gave a standing ovation to a victorious Pakistan side.
• 1917 Camp Randall Stadium opens Madison, Wisconsin Wisconsin's ground, built on a Civil War training camp and later prison site. Capacity 80,321, and home of the Jump Around between the third and fourth quarters.
• 1920 Boone Pickens Stadium opens Stillwater, Oklahoma Oklahoma State's ground, rebuilt from 2003 with a donation that was at the time the largest ever made to an American athletics programme. Capacity 55,509.
• 1920 Husky Stadium opens Seattle, Washington Washington's ground on the shore of Lake Washington, where fans arrive by boat and tie up outside. Capacity 70,138.
• 1921 Neyland Stadium opens Knoxville, Tennessee Tennessee's ground on the Tennessee River, one of the largest stadiums in the world at 101,915.
• 1922 Ohio Stadium opens Columbus, Ohio The Horseshoe, a double-decked closed-end bowl that was considered an extravagant folly when built. Capacity 102,780.
• 1922 Rose Bowl opens Pasadena, California Built for the New Year's Day game that gave it its name, and later host of the 1984 Olympic football final, the 1994 World Cup final and the 1999 Women's World Cup final. Capacity 88,565.
• 1923 California Memorial Stadium opens Berkeley, California Built directly across the Hayward Fault, which slowly tore the structure in two until a seismic retrofit in 2012 mounted it on sliding blocks. Capacity 51,780.
• 1923 Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium opens Norman, Oklahoma Oklahoma's ground, capacity 80,126, and one of the most consistently sold-out venues in college football.
• 1923 Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum opens Los Angeles, California The only stadium to host two Summer Olympics, in 1932 and 1984, with a third to come in 2028. Also the venue for the first Super Bowl. Capacity 77,500.
• 1923 Memorial Stadium opens Lincoln, Nebraska Nebraska's ground, which has sold out every home game since 1962 — the longest such streak in American sport. On matchdays it becomes the third-largest population centre in the state.
• 1923 Memorial Stadium opens Champaign, Illinois Illinois's ground, its colonnades inscribed with the names of students killed in the First World War. Capacity 60,670.
• 1923 NSC Olimpiyskiy opens Kyiv, Ukraine Ukraine's national stadium, rebuilt for Euro 2012 with a translucent canopy roof. It hosted the 2018 Champions League final. Capacity 70,050.
• 1923 RheinEnergieStadion opens Cologne, Germany Cologne's ground in the Müngersdorf district, rebuilt as a four-tower arena between 2002 and 2004. Capacity 50,000.
• 1923 Spartan Stadium opens East Lansing, Michigan Michigan State's ground, expanded from 14,000 to 75,005 across a century of additions.
• 1923 Wembley Stadium opens London, England The Empire Stadium, built in 300 days for the British Empire Exhibition and opened with the White Horse Final, watched by a crowd estimated at over 200,000. Its twin towers became the most recognisable landmark in world football.
• 1923 Yankee Stadium opens New York, New York The House That Ruth Built, the first ballpark called a stadium and the first with three decks. Its short right-field porch was shaped around Babe Ruth's swing. Capacity around 57,545.
• 1924 Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium opens Austin, Texas Texas's ground, expanded past 100,000 seats in 2009. The tower on campus glows orange after a win.
• 1924 Folsom Field opens Boulder, Colorado Colorado's ground, set against the Flatirons at 5,360 feet. Capacity 50,183.
• 1924 Ross-Ade Stadium opens West Lafayette, Indiana Purdue's ground, capacity 57,236.
• 1924 Soldier Field opens Chicago, Illinois Built as a war memorial in Doric colonnades, later host to the 1926 Dempsey–Tunney fight watched by over 100,000. A 2003 rebuild dropped a modern bowl inside the old colonnades and cost it its National Historic Landmark status.
• 1924 Tiger Stadium opens Baton Rouge, Louisiana LSU's ground, Death Valley, where a 1988 touchdown celebration registered on a seismograph in the geology building. Capacity 102,321.
• 1925 Deutsche Bank Park opens Frankfurt, Germany Eintracht Frankfurt's Waldstadion, set in a forest on the edge of the city. Rebuilt for the 2006 World Cup with a retractable roof. Capacity 58,000.
• 1925 Murrayfield Stadium opens Edinburgh, Scotland Scotland's national rugby ground, holding 67,144. It was the first stadium in Britain fitted with undersoil heating, installed in 1959.
• 1925 Wankdorf Stadium opens Bern, Switzerland Later the host of the 1954 World Cup final, the Miracle of Bern, in which West Germany beat the unbeaten Hungarians. Capacity 64,000.
• 1926 Kim Il-sung Stadium opens Pyongyang, North Korea Built under Japanese rule as the Kirimri Stadium and rebuilt several times since. Capacity 50,000.
• 1926 San Siro opens Milan, Italy Officially the Stadio Giuseppe Meazza, shared by AC Milan and Internazionale. Its 1990 rebuild added eleven concrete helix towers and a red girder roof. Capacity 75,923.
• 1927 Kenan Stadium opens Chapel Hill, North Carolina North Carolina's ground, set in a pine grove on campus. Capacity 50,500.
• 1927 Kyle Field opens College Station, Texas Texas A&M's ground, capacity 102,733, home of the Twelfth Man tradition in which the student body stands for the entire game.
• 1927 Legion Field opens Birmingham, Alabama The Old Grey Lady, long the neutral venue for Alabama–Auburn and a host of the 1996 Olympic football tournament. Capacity has since been cut from 71,594.
• 1927 Michigan Stadium opens Ann Arbor, Michigan The Big House, the largest stadium in the United States and the third largest in the world at 107,601. Its foundations were designed from the start to allow expansion beyond 100,000.
• 1928 Ellis Park Stadium opens Johannesburg, South Africa Venue of the 1995 Rugby World Cup final, where Nelson Mandela handed the trophy to Francois Pienaar wearing a Springbok jersey. Capacity 62,567.
• 1929 Bryant–Denny Stadium opens Tuscaloosa, Alabama Alabama's ground, expanded to 100,077 seats and named for Paul Bryant and George Denny.
• 1929 Estadio Benito Villamarín opens Seville, Spain Real Betis's ground, opened for the 1929 Ibero-American Exposition and expanded repeatedly since. Capacity 60,721.
• 1929 Kinnick Stadium opens Iowa City, Iowa Iowa's ground, capacity 69,250, overlooking a children's hospital whose patients the entire crowd turns to wave at at the end of the first quarter.
• 1929 Sanford Stadium opens Athens, Georgia Georgia's ground, famous for the privet hedges ringing the field — the origin of the phrase between the hedges. Capacity 92,746.
• 1930 Ben Hill Griffin Stadium opens Gainesville, Florida Florida's ground, the Swamp, sunk below ground level to trap heat and noise. Capacity 88,548.
• 1930 Cotton Bowl opens Dallas, Texas The Fair Park stadium that gave its name to the New Year's bowl game, and long the venue for the Texas–Oklahoma Red River rivalry. Capacity 92,100.
• 1930 Estadio Centenario opens Montevideo, Uruguay Built in nine months for the first World Cup, which Uruguay won on this pitch. FIFA later declared it the only historical monument of world football. Capacity 60,235.
• 1930 King Baudouin Stadium opens Brussels, Belgium Belgium's national stadium, opened as the Heysel for the centenary of independence. Rebuilt and renamed in 1995 after the 1985 disaster in which 39 people died before the European Cup final. Capacity 50,093.
• 1930 Notre Dame Stadium opens South Bend, Indiana Built to Knute Rockne's specification as a scaled version of Michigan Stadium. Capacity 77,622, overlooked by the Touchdown Jesus mural.
• 1931 Cleveland Municipal Stadium opens Cleveland, Ohio A vast lakefront bowl of 78,000 seats, so cavernous for baseball that it was nicknamed the Mistake by the Lake.
• 1931 Ernst-Happel-Stadion opens Vienna, Austria Austria's national stadium, built for the 1931 Workers' Olympiad and later named after the country's most successful coach. Capacity 50,865.
• 1931 Scott Stadium opens Charlottesville, Virginia Virginia's ground, capacity 61,500.
• 1933 MHPArena opens Stuttgart, Germany Stuttgart's ground, formerly the Neckarstadion and later the Mercedes-Benz Arena. Converted from an athletics stadium to a football-only bowl by 2011. Capacity 60,449.
• 1934 Williams-Brice Stadium opens Columbia, South Carolina South Carolina's ground, capacity 77,559, where the crowd enters to the theme from 2001: A Space Odyssey.
• 1936 Olympiastadion Berlin opens Berlin, Germany Built for the 1936 Olympics as a showpiece of the Nazi state, and the setting for Jesse Owens's four gold medals. Renovated for the 2006 World Cup final. Capacity 74,475.
• 1937 De Kuip opens Rotterdam, Netherlands Feyenoord's stadium, whose steep two-tier bowl gave it the nickname the Tub. It has hosted ten European finals. Capacity 51,117.
• 1937 Orange Bowl opens Miami, Florida Home of the Miami Hurricanes and the Dolphins, and the venue for five Super Bowls. Capacity 72,319.
• 1937 Stade Vélodrome opens Marseille, France Marseille's ground, opened with a cycling track that gave it its name. A wave-form roof was added in 2014. Capacity 67,394.
• 1938 Donald W. Reynolds Razorback Stadium opens Fayetteville, Arkansas Arkansas's ground, capacity 76,212.
• 1938 Estadio Monumental opens Buenos Aires, Argentina River Plate's ground and Argentina's national stadium, where Argentina won the 1978 World Cup final. The largest stadium in South America at 83,214.
• 1939 Jordan–Hare Stadium opens Auburn, Alabama Auburn's ground, capacity 88,043, and the only stadium named in part for a coach who was still active when the name was given.
• 1940 La Bombonera opens Buenos Aires, Argentina Boca Juniors' ground, squeezed onto a plot too small for a full bowl, so one side is a flat vertical wall. The steep stands visibly flex when the crowd jumps. Capacity 54,000.
• 1942 Memorial Stadium opens Clemson, South Carolina Clemson's Death Valley, capacity 81,500, where players touch Howard's Rock and run down the hill before kickoff.
• 1947 Jones AT&T Stadium opens Lubbock, Texas Texas Tech's ground on the high plains, capacity 60,454.
• 1947 Santiago Bernabéu opens Madrid, Spain Real Madrid's home, named after the club president who drove its construction. A radical rebuild completed in 2024 wrapped it in a steel lattice skin and added a retractable pitch. Capacity 83,186.
• 1950 Doak Campbell Stadium opens Tallahassee, Florida Florida State's ground, wrapped in the largest continuous brick structure in the United States. Capacity 79,560.
• 1950 Maracanã opens Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Built for the 1950 World Cup and unfinished on opening day. Its final match drew a crowd officially recorded at 173,850 and widely estimated near 200,000 — the largest ever at a football match. Brazil lost, in the defeat known as the Maracanaço.
• 1952 Estadio Nacional del Perú opens Lima, Peru Peru's national stadium, capacity 50,086, and the site of a 1964 crowd disaster that killed over 300 people, the deadliest in football history.
• 1952 Estadio Olímpico Universitario opens Mexico City, Mexico Built into a lava field on the UNAM campus, fronted by a Diego Rivera mural. Host of the 1968 Olympics, where Bob Beamon's long jump record stood for 23 years. Capacity 72,000.
• 1953 Népstadion opens Budapest, Hungary The People's Stadium, built partly by volunteer labour and holding 76,000. Home ground of the Mighty Magyars at their peak.
• 1953 Stadio Olimpico opens Rome, Italy Italy's national stadium, home to Roma and Lazio. It hosted the 1960 Olympics and the 1990 World Cup final. Capacity 70,634.
• 1953 Volksparkstadion opens Hamburg, Germany Hamburger SV's ground, raised on a hill of wartime rubble and rebuilt from scratch between 1998 and 2000 while the club kept playing there. Capacity 57,000.
• 1954 Estádio da Luz opens Lisbon, Portugal Benfica's original ground, expanded over four decades until it held around 120,000 — the largest stadium in Europe.
• 1955 Stade Mohammed V opens Casablanca, Morocco Casablanca's ground, opened as the Stade Marcel-Cerdan and once holding 80,000, now reduced. Home to one of the fiercest derbies in Africa.
• 1955 Stadion Dziesięciolecia opens Warsaw, Poland Built from war rubble to mark ten years of communist Poland, holding 71,000. It later became Europe's largest open-air market.
• 1956 Estádio José Alvalade opens Lisbon, Portugal Sporting CP's original stadium, holding around 50,000 and used for four decades before Euro 2004 forced a rebuild.
• 1956 Luzhniki Stadium opens Moscow, Russia Russia's national stadium, rebuilt behind its original facade for the 2018 World Cup final. Site of a 1982 crowd disaster kept secret for years. Capacity 81,000.
• 1956 Stadion Śląski opens Chorzów, Poland Poland's Cauldron of Witchcraft, long the country's national ground. Reopened in 2017 after a decade-long reconstruction. Capacity 54,378.
• 1956 Zentralstadion opens Leipzig, Germany The largest stadium ever built in Germany, holding 100,000 in an earth bowl raised from the city's war rubble by volunteer labour.
• 1957 Camp Nou opens Barcelona, Spain The largest stadium in Europe, holding 99,354 before its current reconstruction. Built to replace Les Corts, which Barcelona had comprehensively outgrown.
• 1957 Lambeau Field opens Green Bay, Wisconsin The oldest continuously operating NFL stadium, in a city of 100,000 whose team is publicly owned by its supporters. Site of the 1967 Ice Bowl, played at minus 15 Fahrenheit. Capacity 81,441.
• 1958 Japan National Stadium opens Tokyo, Japan Built for the 1958 Asian Games and then the 1964 Olympics, the first held in Asia. Capacity 57,363.
• 1958 Sun Devil Stadium opens Tempe, Arizona Arizona State's ground, carved into a gap between two desert buttes. Capacity 53,599.
• 1959 Stadio Diego Armando Maradona opens Naples, Italy Napoli's ground, known as the San Paolo until it was renamed in 2020, days after Maradona's death. Capacity 54,726.
• 1959 Workers' Stadium opens Beijing, China Built for the tenth anniversary of the People's Republic as one of Beijing's Ten Great Buildings, completed in under a year. Capacity 66,000.
• 1960 Beaver Stadium opens University Park, Pennsylvania Penn State's ground, built by cutting an earlier stadium into 700 pieces and moving it across campus. Now the second-largest in the United States at 106,572, and the site of the White Out.
• 1960 Cairo International Stadium opens Cairo, Egypt Egypt's national stadium, designed by Werner March, who had also designed the Olympiastadion in Berlin. Capacity 75,000.
• 1960 Candlestick Park opens San Francisco, California Built on a wind-scoured point of the bay, notorious for cold and gusts that once blew a pitcher off the mound. Capacity 69,732.
• 1960 Estadio Jalisco opens Guadalajara, Mexico A venue at both the 1970 and 1986 World Cups, capacity 55,020.
• 1960 Estádio do Morumbi opens São Paulo, Brazil São Paulo FC's ground, the largest privately owned stadium in Brazil at 66,795.
• 1961 RFK Stadium opens Washington, D.C. The first of the circular multi-purpose stadiums that would spread across America. Its lower stands bounced visibly when the crowd jumped. Capacity 56,692.
• 1962 Dodger Stadium opens Los Angeles, California The largest ballpark in the world by capacity at 56,000, carved into Chavez Ravine after the displacement of the neighbourhood that stood there.
• 1962 Gelora Bung Karno Stadium opens Jakarta, Indonesia Built with Soviet assistance for the 1962 Asian Games, its steel canopy ring designed as a symbol of Indonesian independence. Capacity 77,193.
• 1963 Stadion Rajko Mitić opens Belgrade, Serbia Red Star Belgrade's ground, known as the Marakana after its Brazilian namesake. Once held over 100,000; now seats 51,755.
• 1963 Sun Bowl opens El Paso, Texas Blasted out of the side of the Franklin Mountains for UTEP and the bowl game of the same name. Capacity 51,500.
• 1964 Polo Grounds demolished New York, New York Torn down by the same wrecking ball, painted to look like a baseball, that had demolished Ebbets Field. A housing project stands on the site.
• 1964 Shea Stadium opens New York, New York Home of the Mets and, in 1965, of the Beatles concert that effectively invented the stadium rock show. Capacity 57,333.
• 1965 Astrodome opens Houston, Texas The Eighth Wonder of the World, the first domed and air-conditioned sports stadium. Its roof glare killed the natural grass, prompting the invention of AstroTurf. Capacity 62,439.
• 1965 Lane Stadium opens Blacksburg, Virginia Virginia Tech's ground, capacity 65,632, where the crowd jumps to Metallica's Enter Sandman before kickoff.
• 1965 Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium opens Memphis, Tennessee Memphis's ground and the venue for the Liberty Bowl. Capacity 58,325.
• 1965 Mineirão opens Belo Horizonte, Brazil Site of Brazil's 7–1 defeat to Germany in the 2014 World Cup semi-final, the Mineiraço. Capacity 61,846.
• 1966 Carter–Finley Stadium opens Raleigh, North Carolina NC State's ground, capacity 57,583.
• 1966 Estadio Azteca opens Mexico City, Mexico The only stadium to host two World Cup finals, in 1970 and 1986, and the setting for both the Game of the Century and Maradona's Hand of God and Goal of the Century in the same match. Capacity 87,523.
• 1966 Estadio Vicente Calderón opens Madrid, Spain Atlético Madrid's ground on the bank of the Manzanares, with a motorway running directly beneath one stand. Capacity 54,907.
• 1967 Autzen Stadium opens Eugene, Oregon Oregon's ground, sunk low with a tight bowl that traps sound; visiting teams have repeatedly claimed its crowd noise is piped in. Capacity 54,000.
• 1968 Bill Snyder Family Stadium opens Manhattan, Kansas Kansas State's ground, capacity 50,000.
• 1968 Estadio Cuauhtémoc opens Puebla, Mexico A World Cup venue in 1970 and 1986, capacity 51,726.
• 1969 Estádio Beira-Rio opens Porto Alegre, Brazil Internacional's ground, built on land reclaimed from the Guaíba river with rubble donated by supporters. Capacity 50,128.
• 1970 Riverfront Stadium opens Cincinnati, Ohio One of the near-identical concrete rings of the era, home to the Big Red Machine. Capacity 60,311.
• 1970 Three Rivers Stadium opens Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania A circular concrete bowl at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela, shared by the Steelers and Pirates. Capacity 59,000.
• 1971 Azadi Stadium opens Tehran, Iran Built for the 1974 Asian Games as the Aryamehr Stadium and renamed after the revolution. Capacity 78,116, with crowds that have been recorded well beyond it.
• 1971 Texas Stadium opens Irving, Texas The Cowboys' ground, with a partial roof and a hole above the field that a player said was there so God could watch his team. Capacity 65,675.
• 1971 Veterans Stadium opens Philadelphia, Pennsylvania A concrete multi-purpose bowl whose brutal artificial turf and in-house courtroom for unruly fans made it infamous. Capacity 65,000.
• 1972 Arrowhead Stadium opens Kansas City, Missouri Home of the Chiefs and holder of the record for the loudest crowd roar at an outdoor stadium, at 142.2 decibels. Capacity 76,416.
• 1972 Olympiastadion München opens Munich, Germany Built for the 1972 Olympics under Frei Otto's sweeping acrylic tent roof, a deliberate architectural rejection of Berlin 1936. Capacity 69,250.
• 1972 Stade du 5 Juillet 1962 opens Algiers, Algeria Algeria's national stadium, named for the date of independence from France. Capacity 64,200.
• 1973 Arena Castelão opens Fortaleza, Brazil The first stadium ready for the 2014 World Cup, capacity 63,903.
• 1973 Highmark Stadium opens Orchard Park, New York The Buffalo Bills' ground, sunk 50 feet into the ground and exposed to lake-effect snow. Capacity 71,608.
• 1973 Kroger Field opens Lexington, Kentucky Kentucky's ground, capacity 61,000.
• 1973 National Stadium opens Kallang, Singapore Singapore's national ground, capacity 55,000, and the site of the Kallang Roar.
• 1974 Estádio Mané Garrincha opens Brasília, Brazil Rebuilt for the 2014 World Cup at enormous cost in a city with no top-flight club, and afterwards used partly as a bus depot. Capacity 72,788.
• 1974 Signal Iduna Park opens Dortmund, Germany The Westfalenstadion, home of Borussia Dortmund and the largest stadium in Germany at 81,365. Its south terrace, the Yellow Wall, holds nearly 25,000 standing supporters.
• 1975 Caesars Superdome opens New Orleans, Louisiana The largest fixed-dome structure in the world when built. It sheltered around 25,000 people during Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and lost much of its roof. Capacity 73,208.
• 1975 Estádio Serra Dourada opens Goiânia, Brazil Goiás's ground, capacity 50,049.
• 1975 Pontiac Silverdome opens Pontiac, Michigan The first stadium roofed with an inflated fabric dome, held up by air pressure. Capacity 80,311.
• 1976 Giants Stadium opens East Rutherford, New Jersey Built in the Meadowlands swamp for the Giants and later shared with the Jets. Capacity 80,242.
• 1976 Kingdome opens Seattle, Washington A thin-shell concrete dome of 66,000 seats, so loud that opposing quarterbacks could not call plays.
• 1976 Olympic Stadium opens Montreal, Quebec Built for the 1976 Olympics with an inclined tower meant to hoist a retractable roof, which was not finished until 1987 and never worked properly. The debt took 30 years to repay, earning it the name the Big Owe. Capacity 56,040.
• 1978 Commonwealth Stadium opens Edmonton, Alberta Built for the 1978 Commonwealth Games and the largest open-air stadium in Canada at 56,302.
• 1978 Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes opens Córdoba, Argentina Built for the 1978 World Cup and later named after the tournament's top scorer. Capacity 57,000.
• 1980 Milan Puskar Stadium opens Morgantown, West Virginia West Virginia's ground, capacity 60,000, where the crowd sings Country Roads after every win.
• 1982 Athens Olympic Stadium opens Athens, Greece The Spyros Louis stadium, roofed by Santiago Calatrava's twin steel arches for the 2004 Olympics. Capacity 69,618.
• 1982 Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome opens Minneapolis, Minnesota An air-supported dome that hosted a World Series, a Super Bowl and a Final Four — the only stadium ever to do all three. Its roof collapsed under snow in 2010. Capacity 64,121.
• 1982 Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium opens New Delhi, India Built for the 1982 Asian Games and reused for the 2010 Commonwealth Games. Capacity 60,254.
• 1983 BC Place opens Vancouver, British Columbia Canada's first domed stadium, originally air-supported and refitted in 2011 with a cable-supported retractable roof. Capacity 54,500.
• 1983 Sardar Patel Stadium opens Ahmedabad, India The Motera ground, built in nine months and holding 49,000. It saw Sunil Gavaskar's 10,000th Test run and Kapil Dev's record-breaking 432nd wicket.
• 1983 Stade Moulay Abdellah opens Rabat, Morocco Morocco's national stadium, rebuilt and expanded to 68,700 seats ahead of the 2025 Africa Cup of Nations.
• 1984 Salt Lake Stadium opens Kolkata, India The Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan, once the second-largest stadium in the world with 120,000 places. Now an all-seater of 85,000 and still the largest football ground in India.
• 1984 Seoul Olympic Stadium opens Seoul, South Korea The Jamsil stadium, its profile modelled on the curve of a Joseon porcelain vase. Host of the 1988 Olympics. Capacity 69,950.
• 1985 Stade Léopold Sédar Senghor opens Dakar, Senegal Senegal's national stadium, capacity 60,000.
• 1987 Estadio Monumental Banco Pichincha opens Guayaquil, Ecuador Barcelona SC's ground and the largest stadium in Ecuador at 59,283.
• 1987 Hard Rock Stadium opens Miami Gardens, Florida Built privately for the Dolphins to replace the Orange Bowl, and later canopied without enclosing it. Capacity 65,326.
• 1987 King Fahd International Stadium opens Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Roofed by 24 tent-like canopies modelled on Bedouin shelters, covering the stands but not the pitch. Capacity 58,798.
• 1987 Moi International Sports Centre opens Nairobi, Kenya Kasarani, built with Chinese assistance and holding 60,000.
• 1987 National Sports Stadium opens Harare, Zimbabwe Zimbabwe's national stadium, capacity 60,000.
• 1988 Tokyo Dome opens Tokyo, Japan Japan's first domed stadium, air-supported and nicknamed the Big Egg. Capacity 55,000.
• 1989 FNB Stadium opens Johannesburg, South Africa Soccer City, the largest stadium in Africa at 94,736. Nelson Mandela gave his first speech here after his release in 1990 and made his last public appearance here at the 2010 World Cup final.
• 1989 Rogers Centre opens Toronto, Ontario The first stadium in the world with a fully retractable motorised roof, opened as the SkyDome with a hotel whose rooms overlook the field. Capacity 53,506.
• 1990 Stadio San Nicola opens Bari, Italy Renzo Piano's stadium for the 1990 World Cup, built as 26 separate petal-shaped concrete segments split by open gaps. Capacity 58,270.
• 1990 Stadio delle Alpi opens Turin, Italy Built for the 1990 World Cup and disliked from the start for its running track and remote sightlines. Capacity 67,229.
• 1992 Georgia Dome opens Atlanta, Georgia The largest cable-supported domed stadium in the world, host of the 1996 Olympic gymnastics and two Super Bowls. Capacity 71,228.
• 1993 Alamodome opens San Antonio, Texas A domed stadium built without a permanent tenant, later home to UTSA and host of Final Fours and bowl games. Capacity 64,000.
• 1994 Shah Alam Stadium opens Shah Alam, Malaysia Selangor's ground, capacity 80,372, and for a time the second-largest stadium in Malaysia.
• 1994 Stade des Martyrs opens Kinshasa, DR Congo Built with Chinese assistance on the site of the ground where Ali fought Foreman in the Rumble in the Jungle. Capacity 80,000.
• 1995 EverBank Stadium opens Jacksonville, Florida Built for the expansion Jacksonville Jaguars on the bones of the old Gator Bowl. Capacity 67,814.
• 1996 Bank of America Stadium opens Charlotte, North Carolina The Carolina Panthers' ground, funded largely by selling permanent seat licences — a model widely copied afterwards. Capacity 74,867.
• 1996 Cleveland Municipal Stadium demolished Cleveland, Ohio Demolished after the Browns left for Baltimore. Its rubble was dumped in Lake Erie to form an artificial reef.
• 1996 Johan Cruijff ArenA opens Amsterdam, Netherlands Ajax's ground and the first stadium in Europe with a retractable roof. Renamed for Cruyff in 2018. Capacity 55,865.
• 1996 Yadegar-e Emam Stadium opens Tabriz, Iran Tabriz's ground, capacity 66,833.
• 1997 Northwest Stadium opens Landover, Maryland Built for Washington's NFL team with 80,000 seats, at the time the largest in the league. Capacity since reduced to 67,617.
• 1997 Shanghai Stadium opens Shanghai, China Shanghai's main athletics and football ground, capacity 56,842.
• 1998 Bukit Jalil National Stadium opens Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Built for the 1998 Commonwealth Games and the largest stadium in Southeast Asia at 87,411.
• 1998 M&T Bank Stadium opens Baltimore, Maryland The Ravens' ground, capacity 71,008.
• 1998 Nissan Stadium opens Yokohama, Japan Japan's largest stadium at 72,327 and the venue for the 2002 World Cup final, the first held in Asia and the first shared by two countries.
• 1998 Rajamangala Stadium opens Bangkok, Thailand Thailand's national stadium, built for the 1998 Asian Games. Capacity 51,552.
• 1998 Raymond James Stadium opens Tampa, Florida The Buccaneers' ground, with a 103-foot pirate ship in one end zone that fires cannons after scores. Capacity 65,890.
• 1998 Stade de France opens Saint-Denis, France Built for the 1998 World Cup, which France won on this pitch five months after it opened. Its elliptical roof is suspended on 18 steel masts. Capacity 80,698.
• 1999 Estadio de La Cartuja opens Seville, Spain Built for the 1999 World Athletics Championships and later used as a neutral venue for Copa del Rey finals and Spain internationals. Capacity 57,619.
• 1999 Huntington Bank Field opens Cleveland, Ohio Built on the site of Municipal Stadium for the reconstituted Browns. Capacity 67,431.
• 1999 Nissan Stadium opens Nashville, Tennessee The Tennessee Titans' ground on the east bank of the Cumberland. Capacity 69,143.
• 1999 Principality Stadium opens Cardiff, Wales Built for the 1999 Rugby World Cup on the site of Cardiff Arms Park, with a retractable roof and 73,931 seats. It hosted FA Cup finals while Wembley was being rebuilt.
• 1999 Stadium Australia opens Sydney, Australia Built for the 2000 Olympics with a temporary capacity of 110,000, later cut to 83,500. Cathy Freeman lit the cauldron and won the 400 metres here ten days apart.
• 2000 Estadio Monumental opens Lima, Peru Universitario's ground and the largest stadium in South America by seating capacity at 80,093.
• 2000 Kingdome demolished Seattle, Washington Brought down in 16.8 seconds by the largest building implosion by volume ever recorded. The city was still paying off its construction debt fifteen years later.
• 2000 Marvel Stadium opens Melbourne, Australia The first stadium in Australia with a retractable roof, built in the Docklands. Capacity 56,347.
• 2000 Paycor Stadium opens Cincinnati, Ohio The Bengals' ground, designed by Peter Eisenman with exposed structural fins. Capacity 65,515.
• 2000 Zentralstadion demolished Leipzig, Germany Germany's biggest stadium was hollowed out and a new arena built inside the surviving earth embankment, reachable only by footbridges across the old bowl.
• 2001 Acrisure Stadium opens Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania The Steelers' ground, an open horseshoe facing the Pittsburgh skyline. Capacity 68,400.
• 2001 Busan Asiad Stadium opens Busan, South Korea Built for the 2002 Asian Games, capacity 53,769.
• 2001 Daegu Stadium opens Daegu, South Korea Built for the 2002 World Cup and later the 2011 World Athletics Championships. Capacity 66,422.
• 2001 Empower Field at Mile High opens Denver, Colorado The Broncos' ground, a mile above sea level, where the thin air measurably lengthens kicks. Capacity 76,125.
• 2001 Guangdong Olympic Stadium opens Guangzhou, China Built for the 2001 National Games with a ribbon-like roof, capacity 80,012.
• 2001 Saitama Stadium 2002 opens Saitama, Japan Japan's largest football-specific ground, built for the 2002 World Cup. Capacity 63,700.
• 2001 Seoul World Cup Stadium opens Seoul, South Korea Roofed in a form based on a traditional Korean kite, and the venue for the opening match of the 2002 World Cup. Capacity 66,704.
• 2001 Shizuoka Stadium opens Fukuroi, Japan Ecopa, built for the 2002 World Cup, capacity 50,889.
• 2001 Stade olympique de Radès opens Radès, Tunisia Tunisia's national stadium, built for the 2001 Mediterranean Games. Capacity 60,000.
• 2001 Three Rivers Stadium demolished Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Imploded in 19 seconds, with two replacement stadiums already rising on either side of it.
• 2001 Veltins-Arena opens Gelsenkirchen, Germany Schalke's ground, with a retractable roof and a pitch that slides out of the building on rails to grow in daylight. Capacity 62,271.
• 2001 Wankdorf Stadium demolished Bern, Switzerland The Miracle of Bern ground was pulled down and replaced by a smaller arena on the same site, with a shopping centre beneath it.
• 2002 Atatürk Olympic Stadium opens Istanbul, Turkey Turkey's largest stadium at 76,092, built for a failed Olympic bid. It staged the 2005 Champions League final, the night Liverpool came back from 3-0 down.
• 2002 Etihad Stadium opens Manchester, England Built for the 2002 Commonwealth Games and converted for Manchester City in 2003, dropping the athletics track and digging out a lower tier. Successive expansions have taken it past 60,000.
• 2002 Ford Field opens Detroit, Michigan The Lions' indoor stadium, built into a converted 1920s warehouse that forms one entire side of the seating bowl. Capacity 65,000.
• 2002 Gillette Stadium opens Foxborough, Massachusetts The New England Patriots' privately financed ground, with a lighthouse and bridge at the open end. Capacity 65,878.
• 2002 Incheon Munhak Stadium opens Incheon, South Korea A 2002 World Cup venue, capacity 50,256.
• 2002 Lumen Field opens Seattle, Washington Built on the Kingdome site with roofs angled to reflect crowd noise back onto the field. Its fans have twice set the outdoor decibel record. Capacity 68,740.
• 2002 NRG Stadium opens Houston, Texas The first NFL stadium with a retractable roof, built next to the Astrodome it replaced. Capacity 72,220.
• 2002 Riverfront Stadium demolished Cincinnati, Ohio Imploded to clear the riverfront for a new ballpark, ending 32 years of concrete multi-purpose compromise.
• 2002 Wuhan Sports Center Stadium opens Wuhan, China Wuhan's main stadium, capacity 54,000.
• 2003 Abuja National Stadium opens Abuja, Nigeria Nigeria's national stadium, built for the 2003 All-Africa Games. Capacity 60,491.
• 2003 Estadio Ciudad de La Plata opens La Plata, Argentina Roofed with two intersecting shells meant to evoke the crests of the two local clubs that share it. Capacity 53,000.
• 2003 Estádio José Alvalade demolished Lisbon, Portugal Demolished once its Euro 2004 replacement opened next door, ending 47 years of Sporting football on the old ground.
• 2003 Estádio José Alvalade reopens Lisbon, Portugal Sporting CP's new ground, wrapped in a mosaic of green, yellow and blue seats. Capacity 50,095.
• 2003 Estádio da Luz demolished Lisbon, Portugal Europe's largest stadium was pulled down to make way for a smaller, safer, all-seater replacement built beside it for Euro 2004.
• 2003 Estádio da Luz reopens Lisbon, Portugal Benfica's new stadium, with a red steel roof and 64,642 seats, built for Euro 2004 alongside the ruins of its predecessor.
• 2003 Estádio do Dragão opens Porto, Portugal Porto's stadium, opened with a friendly against Barcelona in which a 16-year-old Lionel Messi made his first-team debut. Capacity 50,033.
• 2003 Lincoln Financial Field opens Philadelphia, Pennsylvania The Eagles' ground, capacity 69,596.
• 2003 Naghsh-e Jahan Stadium opens Isfahan, Iran Sepahan's ground, capacity 75,000, one of the largest in Asia.
• 2003 Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium opens Hyderabad, India Uppal, capacity 55,000.
• 2003 Wembley Stadium demolished London, England The twin towers came down in February 2003, three years after the last match at the old ground. Their demolition was broadcast live and prompted a national argument about whether they should have been preserved.
• 2004 Borussia-Park opens Mönchengladbach, Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach's ground, replacing the cramped and much-loved Bökelbergstadion. Capacity 54,042.
• 2004 Merkur Spiel-Arena opens Düsseldorf, Germany A closed multi-purpose arena with a fixed roof, used for football, concerts and the NFL's German regular season games. Capacity 54,600.
• 2004 Veterans Stadium demolished Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Imploded in 62 seconds. Philadelphia fans widely regarded its destruction as a public service.
• 2005 Allianz Arena opens Munich, Germany Herzog and de Meuron's inflated-cushion arena, whose 2,760 ETFE panels light up in changing colours. Built for the 2006 World Cup. Capacity 75,024.
• 2005 Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre opens Nanjing, China Built for the 2005 National Games and later the 2014 Youth Olympics. Capacity 61,443.
• 2006 Emirates Stadium opens London, England Arsenal's ground, replacing Highbury a few hundred metres away after 93 years. At 60,704 it is one of the largest club stadiums in England.
• 2006 Stadio delle Alpi demolished Turin, Italy Torn down after only sixteen years. Juventus built a compact, track-free ground on the site, the first Italian club to own its stadium outright.
• 2006 State Farm Stadium opens Glendale, Arizona The Cardinals' ground, with a retractable roof and an entire natural grass field that rolls out of the building on rails to sit in the desert sun. Capacity 63,400.
• 2007 Benjamin Mkapa Stadium opens Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Tanzania's national stadium, capacity 60,000.
• 2007 Borg El Arab Stadium opens Alexandria, Egypt Built by the Egyptian army as part of a failed 2010 World Cup bid, and the largest stadium in Egypt at 86,000.
• 2007 Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium opens Tianjin, China The Water Drop, a low silver dome built for the 2008 Olympic football tournament. Capacity 54,696.
• 2007 Wembley Stadium reopens London, England The rebuilt national stadium, designed by Foster and Populous, with a 133-metre arch replacing the twin towers and 90,000 seats — the largest in the UK. It cost £798 million and opened four years late.
• 2008 Beijing National Stadium opens Beijing, China The Bird's Nest, designed by Herzog and de Meuron with Ai Weiwei as artistic consultant, its lattice of steel beams deliberately arranged to look random. The only stadium to host both a summer and a winter Olympic opening ceremony. Capacity 80,000.
• 2008 Lucas Oil Stadium opens Indianapolis, Indiana The Colts' ground, with a retractable roof and a huge retractable window facing downtown. Capacity 67,000.
• 2008 Orange Bowl demolished Miami, Florida Demolished after 71 years once both its tenants had left. A baseball park was built on the site.
• 2008 Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh Stadium opens Naya Raipur, India Chhattisgarh's cricket ground, capacity 65,000.
• 2008 Stadion Dziesięciolecia demolished Warsaw, Poland Cleared to make way for the national stadium built for Euro 2012, closing down the vast bazaar that had occupied its terraces since 1989.
• 2009 AT&T Stadium opens Arlington, Texas The Cowboys' ground, with the largest retractable roof in the world and a centre-hung video board so low that punters have hit it. Capacity 80,000, expandable past 100,000.
• 2009 Cape Town Stadium opens Cape Town, South Africa Built for the 2010 World Cup beneath Signal Hill, wrapped in a woven translucent membrane. Capacity 55,000.
• 2009 Jaber Al-Ahmad International Stadium opens Kuwait City, Kuwait Kuwait's national stadium, capacity 60,000.
• 2009 Moses Mabhida Stadium opens Durban, South Africa Built for the 2010 World Cup with a single steel arch spanning the bowl, carrying a cable car to a viewing platform at its apex. Capacity 56,000.
• 2009 Shea Stadium demolished New York, New York Dismantled over four months after Citi Field opened beside it. The old home plate location is marked in the car park.
• 2010 Aviva Stadium opens Dublin, Ireland Built on the site of Lansdowne Road, the oldest international rugby ground in the world. Its curved glass facade drops to a single tier on the north side to protect light for neighbouring houses. Capacity 51,700.
• 2010 Giants Stadium demolished East Rutherford, New Jersey Demolished conventionally rather than imploded, because MetLife Stadium stood only a few hundred feet away.
• 2010 MetLife Stadium opens East Rutherford, New Jersey Shared by the Giants and Jets, the most expensive stadium ever built at the time. At 82,500 it is the largest in the NFL.
• 2010 National Stadium demolished Kallang, Singapore Demolished after 37 years, with its seats and turf sold off to the public in a farewell auction.
• 2010 Texas Stadium demolished Irving, Texas Imploded by an eleven-year-old boy who won a local essay competition for the right to press the button.
• 2010 Yankee Stadium demolished New York, New York Taken apart piece by piece over two years and sold off in fragments, from seats to sections of the frieze. Public parkland replaced it.
• 2011 Arena Națională opens Bucharest, Romania Romania's national stadium, built on the site of the Stadionul Național with a retractable roof. Capacity 55,634.
• 2011 Grand Stade de Tanger opens Tangier, Morocco Morocco's second national ground, capacity 65,000.
• 2011 Rams Park opens Istanbul, Turkey Galatasaray's ground, known for producing some of the loudest recorded crowd noise in world football. Capacity 52,223.
• 2011 Shenzhen Universiade Sports Centre opens Shenzhen, China A faceted crystalline stadium built for the 2011 Summer Universiade. Capacity 60,334.
• 2011 Stadion Narodowy opens Warsaw, Poland Poland's national stadium, built for Euro 2012 and wrapped in a red and white lattice facade meant to evoke a waving flag. Capacity 58,274.
• 2012 Arena do Grêmio opens Porto Alegre, Brazil Grêmio's privately financed ground, capacity 55,662.
• 2012 Friends Arena opens Stockholm, Sweden Sweden's national stadium, with a retractable roof and 50,000 seats, rising to 54,329 for concerts.
• 2012 London Stadium opens London, England Built as the Olympic Stadium for London 2012 and converted for West Ham United in 2016. Capacity 62,500.
• 2012 Stade Pierre-Mauroy opens Lille, France A closed arena with a retractable roof and a pitch, half of which lifts and slides over the other to create an indoor hall. Capacity 50,186.
• 2013 Arena Fonte Nova opens Salvador, Brazil Built for the 2014 World Cup on the site of the Estádio Octávio Mangabeira, which was partly demolished after a stand collapse killed seven people in 2007. Capacity 50,025.
• 2013 Basra International Stadium opens Basra, Iraq Built during reconstruction after the Iraq War, its facade shaped like a palm frond. Capacity 65,000.
• 2013 San Mamés opens Bilbao, Spain Athletic Bilbao's stadium, built next to the site of the original San Mamés, the Cathedral. Its facade is wrapped in twisting ETFE panels. Capacity 53,289.
• 2014 Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome demolished Minneapolis, Minnesota Its inflated roof was deflated in a single afternoon before the structure came down to make way for U.S. Bank Stadium.
• 2014 King Abdullah Sports City opens Jeddah, Saudi Arabia The Shining Jewel, capacity 62,345.
• 2014 Levi's Stadium opens Santa Clara, California The San Francisco 49ers' ground, 40 miles from San Francisco. Capacity 68,500.
• 2014 National Heroes Stadium opens Lusaka, Zambia Zambia's national stadium, built with Chinese assistance and named for the players killed in the 1993 Gabon air disaster. Capacity 60,000.
• 2014 Philippine Arena opens Bocaue, Philippines The largest indoor arena in the world, seating 55,000 under a single unsupported span, built by a church for its own centenary.
• 2014 Singapore National Stadium opens Kallang, Singapore Built on the site of its predecessor with the largest free-spanning dome in the world, and a retractable roof. Capacity 55,000.
• 2015 Candlestick Park demolished San Francisco, California Demolished piecemeal rather than imploded, out of concern for nearby housing. The Beatles played their final ticketed concert here in 1966.
• 2015 Estadio BBVA opens Monterrey, Mexico Monterrey's steel-clad ground, framed to look out at the Cerro de la Silla mountain. Capacity 53,500.
• 2015 Greenfield International Stadium opens Thiruvananthapuram, India India's first stadium built on a public-private partnership, convertible between cricket and football. Capacity 55,000.
• 2015 Japan National Stadium demolished Tokyo, Japan Demolished for the 2020 Olympics after Zaha Hadid's replacement design was scrapped over cost and public opposition.
• 2016 Groupama Stadium opens Lyon, France Olympique Lyonnais's privately financed ground on the edge of the city, one of the few major French stadiums not owned by its municipality. Capacity 59,186.
• 2016 Népstadion demolished Budapest, Hungary Demolished after 63 years, with a handful of its cast-concrete sculptures and entrance towers preserved and worked into its replacement.
• 2016 Sardar Patel Stadium demolished Ahmedabad, India Pulled down entirely rather than expanded, to make room for a stadium more than twice its size on the same site.
• 2016 U.S. Bank Stadium opens Minneapolis, Minnesota The Vikings' ground, a jagged ETFE-clad form built on the Metrodome site. Capacity 66,655.
• 2017 Ekana Stadium opens Lucknow, India Uttar Pradesh's international cricket ground, capacity 50,000.
• 2017 Estadio Metropolitano opens Madrid, Spain Atlético Madrid's ground, built around the shell of an unfinished 1990s athletics stadium. Capacity 70,460.
• 2017 Gazprom Arena opens Saint Petersburg, Russia Zenit's stadium on Krestovsky Island, designed by Kisho Kurokawa with a retractable roof and sliding pitch. It took a decade to build. Capacity 64,468.
• 2017 Georgia Dome demolished Atlanta, Georgia Imploded 25 years after opening, with its replacement already finished next door.
• 2017 Mercedes-Benz Stadium opens Atlanta, Georgia Built on the Georgia Dome site with an eight-panel camera-iris roof, and known for pricing concessions at cost. Capacity 71,000.
• 2017 Pars Stadium opens Shiraz, Iran Shiraz's ground, capacity 50,000.
• 2017 Pontiac Silverdome demolished Pontiac, Michigan A first attempted implosion failed outright, leaving the structure standing; it took a further two years to finish the job.
• 2018 Hangzhou Olympic Sports Centre Stadium opens Hangzhou, China The Big Lotus, roofed with 28 overlapping steel petals. Capacity 80,800.
• 2018 Optus Stadium opens Perth, Australia Perth's ground on a bend of the Swan River, clad in bronze anodised panels meant to evoke the region's geological strata. Capacity 61,266.
• 2019 Estadio Vicente Calderón demolished Madrid, Spain Demolished over two years after Atlético moved east to the Metropolitano, ending 53 years on the riverbank.
• 2019 Japan National Stadium reopens Tokyo, Japan Kengo Kuma's replacement, built low and layered in timber from every prefecture in Japan. It held the 2020 Olympics in 2021, in an empty bowl. Capacity 68,000.
• 2019 Puskás Aréna opens Budapest, Hungary Hungary's national stadium, built on the site of the Népstadion and named after Ferenc Puskás. Capacity 67,215.
• 2019 Tottenham Hotspur Stadium opens London, England Replaced White Hart Lane with a retractable pitch that slides away in three pieces to reveal an NFL surface beneath. Capacity 62,850, including a 17,500-seat single-tier stand.
• 2020 Allegiant Stadium opens Las Vegas, Nevada The Raiders' black glass box beside the Strip, with a grass field that rolls outdoors between games. Capacity 65,000.
• 2020 Narendra Modi Stadium opens Ahmedabad, India The largest stadium in the world, holding 132,000 — more than the Rungrado in Pyongyang and 24,000 more than Michigan Stadium. Built on the site of the Motera ground it replaced.
• 2020 SoFi Stadium opens Inglewood, California The most expensive stadium ever built, at around 5 billion dollars, dug 100 feet into the ground to stay under the flight path into LAX. Capacity 70,240.
• 2020 Stade Olympique Alassane Ouattara opens Ebimpé, Ivory Coast Built for the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations, capacity 60,012.
• 2020 Workers' Stadium demolished Beijing, China Torn down for a full rebuild, with the original 1959 facade and its ring of socialist-realist statues reconstructed around an entirely new football-specific bowl.
• 2021 Al Bayt Stadium opens Al Khor, Qatar Built in the form of a bayt al sha'ar, the tent used by nomadic peoples of the Gulf. It hosted the opening match of the 2022 World Cup. Capacity 68,895.
• 2021 Lusail Stadium opens Lusail, Qatar The largest stadium in the Middle East at 88,966, its golden bowl shaped after a traditional fanar lantern. It hosted the 2022 World Cup final, Argentina against France.
• 2022 Jakarta International Stadium opens Jakarta, Indonesia A retractable-roof stadium of 82,000 seats built for Persija Jakarta on the site of a former bus depot.
• 2022 Stade Abdoulaye Wade opens Diamniadio, Senegal Senegal's new national stadium, capacity 50,000.
• 2022 Stade Paul Biya opens Yaoundé, Cameroon The Olembe stadium, built for the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations. A crush at its gates during that tournament killed eight people. Capacity 60,000.
• 2023 Workers' Stadium reopens Beijing, China Rebuilt as a football-only ground of 68,000 seats sunk into a park, with the replicated 1959 exterior wrapped around it.
• 2024 Shah Alam Stadium demolished Shah Alam, Malaysia Condemned after years of structural decay and demolished 30 years after it opened.
• 2025 Kai Tak Stadium opens Hong Kong Built on the runway of the old Kai Tak airport, with a retractable roof and 50,000 seats.
• 2025 RFK Stadium demolished Washington, D.C. Demolition of the first modern multi-purpose stadium began in 2025, more than a decade after its last professional tenant left.