Timeline November 1975

Events in November 1975 13

• 1892 – 1975 Francisco Franco (1892-1975) Died 20 November 1975, aged 82 Francisco Franco ruled Spain as dictator for 36 years following his victory in the Spanish Civil War. His death ended the Francoist regime and opened the way for Spain's transition to democracy under King Juan Carlos I. He had designated Juan Carlos as his successor in 1969.
• 1892 – 1975 Francisco Franco El Caudillo The general who led the Nationalists to victory and ruled Spain as a dictator until his death.
• 1929 – 1975 Graham Hill Mr. Monaco Two-time World Champion and the only driver to win the "Triple Crown of Motorsport" (F1, Indy 500, Le Mans).
• 1975 "Johannesburg" — first chart hit From South Africa to South Carolina Released "Johannesburg" on the album "From South Africa to South Carolina" — a propulsive funk track condemning apartheid that reached #29 on the R&B chart, his first commercially charting single, and became an anthem of the anti-apartheid divestment movement of the 1980s.
• 1975 Joni Mitchell releases The Hissing of Summer Lawns Experimental An experimental album later hailed by Prince.
• 1975 The O'Jays release Family Reunion I Love Music With I Love Music.
• 1975 Morocco launches the Green March Mass march pressures Spain to cede Western Sahara Morocco organized a march of an estimated 350,000 civilians into Spanish Sahara on 6 November 1975 to press its claim to the territory. The march led to the Madrid Accords, under which Spain withdrew and transferred administration to Morocco and Mauritania. The move triggered a long-running conflict with the Sahrawi independence movement Polisario Front.
• 1975 Angola declares independence from Portugal Colonial rule ends amid civil war Angola gained independence from Portugal on 11 November 1975 after a long liberation war, but the transfer of power was immediately followed by a civil war among rival independence movements. The MPLA declared a Marxist government in Luanda, backed by Cuba and the Soviet Union, while UNITA and FNLA received Western and South African support. The civil war would last until 2002.
• 1975 UK Sex Discrimination Act passed Law bars discrimination on grounds of sex in Britain The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 received royal assent in the United Kingdom on 12 November 1975, making it unlawful to discriminate against people on the basis of sex in employment, education, and the provision of goods and services. It also established the Equal Opportunities Commission to enforce the new protections. The act followed years of campaigning for equal treatment of women in British law.
• 1975 – 1982 Spanish Transition to Democracy La Transición The period following Franco death when Spain moved peacefully from dictatorship to democracy.
• 1975 – 2014 Juan Carlos I King during democratic transition Juan Carlos I guided Spain’s transition from dictatorship to constitutional democracy after Franco’s death.
• 1975 Juan Carlos I proclaimed King of Spain Spain's transition to democracy begins Juan Carlos I was proclaimed king two days after the death of Francisco Franco, becoming head of state of Spain. Though installed by the Francoist regime, he oversaw the country's peaceful transition to parliamentary democracy over the following years. His reign marked the end of nearly four decades of dictatorship.
• 1975 Suriname declares independence from the Netherlands Former Dutch colony becomes sovereign republic Suriname became independent from the Netherlands on 25 November 1975, with Johan Ferrier as its first president. A large share of the population emigrated to the Netherlands around independence out of uncertainty about the new nation's future. Dutch remains the country's official language.