All times in UTC ·
Dashed edge = started before, or continues beyond, this day
Events on Friday 12 January 1855 1
1855Bessemer process patentedHenry Bessemer patents a cheap method for mass-producing steelBritish engineer Henry Bessemer patented a process for converting molten iron into steel by blowing air through it to remove impurities. The Bessemer process dramatically lowered the cost of steel production and became foundational to industrial-era construction, railways, and shipbuilding. It remained the dominant steelmaking method for decades.