1837

Events in 1837 13

• 1776 – 1837 John Constable Romanticism · England John Constable (June 11, 1776 – March 31, 1837) was an English Romantic landscape painter who captured the English countryside with naturalistic freshness. The Hay Wain is one of the most beloved paintings in British art.
• 1778 – 1837 Gustav IV Adolf The Loss of Finland His failure in the Napoleonic Wars led to the loss of Finland to Russia in 1809, after which he was deposed.
• 1837 – 1930 Cosima Wagner (1837-1930) Died 1 April 1930, aged 92 Daughter of Franz Liszt and wife of Richard Wagner. After his death she directed the Bayreuth Festival for more than twenty years.
• 1837 – 1898 Empress Elisabeth of Austria (1837-1898) Assassinated 10 September 1898, aged 60 Empress Elisabeth of Austria, known as Sisi, was stabbed to death by Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni while walking beside Lake Geneva in Switzerland. Her death shocked European royal courts and made her one of the most romanticized figures of the Habsburg monarchy. She had been Empress consort of Austria and Queen consort of Hungary for over four decades.
• 1837 First railway in Russia Tsarskoye Selo Railway Russia's first railway ran 27 kilometres from Saint Petersburg to the imperial residence at Tsarskoye Selo, built essentially as a demonstration for a sceptical court.
• 1837 – 1913 J. P. Morgan (1837-1913) Died 31 March 1913, aged 75 Morgan built J.P. Morgan & Co. into the dominant American banking house of the era and financed the creation of US Steel, General Electric, and other major corporations. He personally organized a bailout of the US Treasury in 1895 and helped stem the Panic of 1907. He died in Rome while travelling in Europe.
• 1837 – 1863 Robert Gould Shaw (1837-1863) Died 18 July 1863, aged 26 Shaw commanded the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, one of the first Black regiments raised in the North during the Civil War. He was killed leading the regiment's assault on Fort Wagner, South Carolina.
• 1837 – 1894 Sadi Carnot (1837-1894) Died 25 June 1894, aged 56 Carnot was President of France when he was stabbed by an Italian anarchist, Sante Geronimo Caserio, during a visit to Lyon on 24 June 1894, and died of his wounds the next day. His assassination was part of a wave of anarchist violence across Europe in the 1890s. He was succeeded as president by Jean Casimir-Perier.
• 1837 Telegraph Electrical Communication The foundation of the global telecommunications network.
• 1837 – 1876 Wild Bill Hickok (1837-1876) Died 2 August 1876, aged 39 James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok was a folk hero of the American frontier, known as a gunfighter, lawman, and gambler. He was shot and killed while playing poker in Deadwood, Dakota Territory, on August 2, 1876.
• 1837 – 1920 William Dean Howells (1837-1920) Died 11 May 1920, aged 83 American novelist, literary critic, and editor known as the "Dean of American Letters" for his influence on realist fiction. He edited the Atlantic Monthly and championed writers including Mark Twain and Henry James. His own novels include "The Rise of Silas Lapham."
• 1837 – 1915 Émile Waldteufel (1837-1915) Died 16 February 1915, aged 77 French composer Émile Waldteufel was one of the most popular waltz composers of the late nineteenth century, celebrated for pieces such as "The Skaters' Waltz." He served as pianist to the imperial court of Napoleon III before building an international reputation as a bandleader.
• 1837 – 1908 Grover Cleveland 22nd & 24th President — only non-consecutive terms Grover Cleveland (Mar 18, 1837 – Jun 24, 1908) was the 22nd and 24th President — the only US president to serve two non-consecutive terms (1885-1889 and 1893-1897). Known for his honesty and opposition to corruption.