Dashed left edge = started before September 1819 ·
Dashed right edge = ongoing beyond September 1819
Events in September 1819 1
1819Carlsbad Decrees issuedGerman Confederation cracks down on liberal nationalismMeeting at Karlovy Vary at Austria's urging, representatives of the German Confederation adopted decrees that censored the press, banned nationalist student fraternities, and placed universities under state supervision. The decrees were a direct response to the assassination of August von Kotzebue and growing liberal agitation. They remained a cornerstone of conservative repression in Germany for decades.