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Events on Sunday 31 October 1723 1
1642 – 1723Cosimo III de' Medici (1642-1723)Died 31 October 1723, aged 81Cosimo III ruled as Grand Duke of Tuscany for fifty-three years, one of the longest reigns in Italian history, overseeing a period of economic decline and rigid religious conservatism in Florence. His reign saw the Medici dynasty's influence wane as Tuscany's finances and population shrank. He was succeeded by his son Gian Gastone, the last Medici Grand Duke.