Dashed left edge = started before May 1689 ·
Dashed right edge = ongoing beyond May 1689
Events in May 1689 3
1689England joins the War of the Grand AllianceWilliam III brings England into war against Louis XIV's FranceEngland formally declared war on France, joining the Dutch Republic, the Holy Roman Empire, and Spain in the Grand Alliance against Louis XIV. The conflict, known as the Nine Years' War, extended to colonial North America as King William's War. Fighting continued until the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697.
1689Toleration Act grants limited religious freedom in EnglandNonconformist Protestants win the right to worship openlyThe Toleration Act allowed Protestant dissenters who swore allegiance to the crown to worship in licensed meeting houses, ending penalties for absence from Anglican services. Catholics, Unitarians, and those who rejected the Trinity remained excluded from its protections. The act was a compromise that eased, without ending, religious discrimination in England.
1689Leisler's Rebellion begins in New YorkMilitia captain Jacob Leisler seizes control of the colonyFollowing the overthrow of the Dominion of New England, Captain Jacob Leisler led a militia takeover of Fort James in New York, distrusting the lieutenant governor's loyalty to the new king. Leisler ruled the colony as acting governor for over a year amid factional unrest. He was later tried and executed in 1691 after royal authority was restored.